ROC curves demonstrate an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 for systolic hypertension and of 0.93 for diastolic hypertension. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting systolic and/or diastolic hypertension were 83 and 41%, respectively. Diastolic BPs were all overestimated, with increasing bias toward lower BPs. Bland-Altman and Taffé methods demonstrated a proportional bias, in which low systolic BPs are overestimated, and high BPs are underestimated. BP variability was calculated using average real variability, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Bland-Altman method and Taffé methods were used for bias and precision assessment. Accuracy was calculated using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and ROC curves.
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Manual activation of the smartwatch is necessary to measure the BP. After calibration, patients were asked to measure as much as possible in a 24-h period. Methods: Patients that were scheduled for 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were recruited and received an additional Samsung Galaxy Watch Active 2 smartwatch for simultaneous BP measurement on their opposite arm. This study aims to investigate a recently CE-cleared smartwatch using cuffless BP measurement in a population with normotensive and hypertensive individuals scheduled for 24-h BP measurement. These devices are often insufficiently validated for clinical use. 12Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italyīackground: Novel smartwatch-based cuffless blood pressure (BP) measuring devices are coming to market and receive FDA and CE labels.11Department of Cardiovascular Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S.10IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan, Italy.9Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy.
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